On the 3D secular dynamics of radial-velocity-detected planetary systems

Aims. To date, more than 600 multi-planetary systems have been discovered. Due to the limitations of the detection methods, our knowledge of the systems is usually far from complete. In particular, for planetary systems discovered with the radial velocity (RV) technique, the inclinations of the orbital planes, and thus the mutual inclinations and planetary masses, are unknown. Our work aims to constrain the spatial configuration of several RV-detected extrasolar systems that are not in a mean-motion resonance. Methods. Through an analytical study based on a first-order secular Hamiltonian expansion and numerical explorations performed with a chaos detector, we identified ranges of values for the orbital inclinations and the mutual inclinations, which ensure the long-term stability of the system. Our results were validated by comparison with n-body simulations, showing the accuracy of our analytical approach up to high mutual inclinations (approx. 70{\deg}-80{\deg}). Results. We find that, given the current estimations for the parameters of the selected systems, long-term regular evolution of the spatial configurations is observed, for all the systems, i) at low mutual inclinations (typically less than 35{\deg}) and ii) at higher mutual inclinations, preferentially if the system is in a Lidov-Kozai resonance. Indeed, a rapid destabilisation of highly mutually inclined orbits is commonly observed, due to the significant chaos that develops around the stability islands of the Lidov-Kozai resonance. The extent of the Lidov-Kozai resonant region is discussed for ten planetary systems (HD 11506, HD 12661, HD 134987, HD 142, HD 154857, HD 164922, HD 169830, HD 207832, HD 4732, and HD 74156).Comment: Accepted for publication in A&

Evaluation de la mise en oeuvre du projet "Nuit blanche ?" à Genève (2005-2006)

Le projet "Nuit blanche ?" se définit comme un " projet de réduction des risques liés aux substances psycho-actives consommées de manière récréative et en milieu festif " et repose sur un partenariat établi entre dix institutions/associations actives dans les domaines de la prévention et des addictions. Le projet est conduit selon trois axes d'intervention : des actions ciblées de réduction des risques en milieu festif, une information destinée au grand public, une amélioration de la formation des professionnels des secteurs de la santé et du social. L'évaluation porte uniquement sur des aspects du processus de mise en oeuvre et sur les résultats directs (outputs) de l'intervention

Les interventions publiques nationales en matière d'abus de substances et de dépendances : une revue internationale

[Table des matières] Résumé. Zusammenfassung. 1. Situation de départ et mandat. 2. Problématique. 3. Questions de recherche. 4. Méthode. 5. Résultats généraux. 6. Résultats détaillés : évolution des modèles des interventions publiques en matière de dépendances. 7. Résultats détaillés : évolution des mesures en matière de dépendances. 8. Conclusions et leçons à tirer. 9. Annexes - fiches des pays : Europe, Allemagne, Autriche, Belgique, Danemark, Espagne, Finlande, France, Grèce, Irlande, Italie, Luxembourg, Norvège, Pays-Bas, Portugal, Royaume-Uni (Angleterre, Pays de Galles, Ecosse, Irlande du Nord), Suède, Australie, Canada, Etats-Unis

Methods combination and ML-based re-ranking of multiple hypothesis for question-answering systems

International audienceQuestion answering systems answer correctly to different questions because they are based on different strategies. In order to increase the number of questions which can be answered by a single process, we propose solutions to combine two question answering systems, QAVAL and RITEL. QAVAL proceeds by selecting short passages, annotates them by question terms, and then extracts from them answers which are ordered by a machine learning validation process. RITEL develops a multi-level analysis of questions and documents. Answers are extracted and ordered according to two strategies: by exploiting the redundancy of candidates and a Bayesian model. In order to merge the system results, we developed different methods either by merging passages before answer ordering, or by merging end-results. The fusion of end-results is realized by voting, merging, and by a machine learning process on answer characteristics, which lead to an improvement of the best system results of 19 %

Beyond C<i>max</i>: an optimization-oriented framework for constraint-based scheduling

This paper presents a framework taking advantage of both the flexibility of constraint programming and the efficiency of operations research algorithms for solving scheduling problems under various objectives and constraints. Built upon a constraint programming engine, the framework allows the use of scheduling global constraints, and it offers, in addition, a modular and simplified way to perform optimality reasoning based on well-known scheduling relaxations. We present a first instantiation on the single machine problem with release dates and lateness minimization. Beyond the simplicity of use, the ptimizationoriented framework appears to be, from the experiments, effective for dealing with such a pure problem even without any ad-hoc heuristics

Beyond C<i>max</i>: an optimization-oriented framework for constraint-based scheduling

This paper presents a framework taking advantage of both the flexibility of constraint programming and the efficiency of operations research algorithms for solving scheduling problems under various objectives and constraints. Built upon a constraint programming engine, the framework allows the use of scheduling global constraints, and it offers, in addition, a modular and simplified way to perform optimality reasoning based on well-known scheduling relaxations. We present a first instantiation on the single machine problem with release dates and lateness minimization. Beyond the simplicity of use, the ptimizationoriented framework appears to be, from the experiments, effective for dealing with such a pure problem even without any ad-hoc heuristics

Evaluation of the quality of Alexa’s metrics

Alexa is a tool that can easily be confused by name with the voice device that Amazon proposes, but in reality, it is a web traffic tool. Very little is known about how it functions and where it gets data from. With so little information available, how is it possible to know whether the tool is of good value or not. The ability to compare Alexa with other tools such as Google Analytics gives insight into the quality of metrics and makes it possible to judge its transparency, reliability, trustworthiness and flexibility. To achieve this a state of the art on the subject was held, portraying elements relative to the metrics, the tools and the methods, this gave a direction in which to take the study. This lead the way to a much more practical side of the project, actually dealing with and assessing data. With a call being sent out to multiple networks, a sample of 10 websites was created, they all varied greatly but they also held important information that would help answer the research questions. A strict work methodology was undertaken to ensure the data would not be tainted and that it remained usable in order to facilitate the analysis of the data, it also ensured no backtracking would be necessary. The findings were not as striking as expected, as some results were more similar than originally predicted, although the correlation between the numbers was very low. Hardly any websites from the sample presented results that were constantly similar, albeit one, there was also one metric that would have data that bore no resemblance between the different tools. In addition to the results emitted by the data and charts numerous limitations attached to the tools were identified and it was obvious that they added challenges into giving conclusive results. Even though Alexa presents itself to be a useful tool to the everyday individual it does have quite a few limitations that a more consequent tool does not possess. There are evidently also improvements to be made when it comes to the standardization of such tools in order to make their use easier for all. Not all the results found in this study were conclusive but the door is open for a more in-depth project that would answer the additional questions that came up

Evaluation du rôle du Distribus au sein du dispositif lausannois d'échange de matériel stérile

A Lausanne, dans le cadre du Programme cantonal de prévention des maladies transmissibles, cinq structures pratiquent l'échange de matériel stérile. [...] Fin 2004, le constat tiré après une année et demi de pratique était double : d'une part une augmentation importante et linéaire du matériel remis par UniSET, jusqu'à plus de 2000 seringues par mois et, d'autre part, une augmentation de problèmes d'ordre public, à savoir l'abandon de matériel usagé dans l'espace public (toilettes, parking, parcs, etc.) avec les questions de santé publique, de voirie et de nettoyage que cela peut soulever. Face à ces constats, la Ville de Lausanne et les intervenants du Dispositif Seuil-Bas (DSB), en collaboration avec le Programme cantonal, ont mis sur pied un bus d'échange de matériel stérile, permettant ainsi de favoriser le retour de ce matériel et de pratiquer l'échange dans de meilleures conditions. [...] L'évaluation du Distribus a nécessité la mise en place de trois outils. Le premier était un monitoring permettant de suivre de manière détaillée l'évolution du nombre de seringues remises avec l'introduction d'une structure supplémentaire dans le dispositif lausannois, à savoir le Distribus. Le deuxième outil était un questionnaire rempli avec les usagers qui s'approvisionnent en matériel stérile et, enfin, le troisième outil développé était un questionnaire portant sur les attentes des intervenants du Distribus. [P. 4, 6]]]> Syringes/supply &amp; distribution ; Evaluation Studies ; Switzerland ; Vaud fre https://serval.unil.ch/resource/serval:BIB_D5432AAA19DE.P001/REF.pdf http://nbn-resolving.org/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:ch:serval-BIB_D5432AAA19DE2 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/urn/urn:nbn:ch:serval-BIB_D5432AAA19DE2 info:eu-repo/semantics/submittedVersion info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Copying allowed only for non-profit organizations https://serval.unil.ch/disclaimer application/pdf oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_D5432B335C6A 2022-05-07T01:27:50Z <oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"> https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_D5432B335C6A Deux papyrus hiératiques de la Troisième Période intermédiaire à Berlin et à Genève Lenzo, G. info:eu-repo/semantics/bookPart incollection 2012 Forschung in der Papyrussammlung : eine Festgabe für das Neue Museum, vol. 1, pp. 97-117 Lepper, V. M. (ed.) info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/isbn/9783050060392 fre oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_D54371447736 2022-05-07T01:27:50Z <oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"> https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_D54371447736 Target studies for surface muon production info:doi:10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.19.024701 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.19.024701 Berg, F. Desorgher, L. Fuchs, A. Hajdas, W. Hodge, Z. Kettle, P. -R. Knecht, A. Luescher, R. Papa, A. Rutar, G. Wohlmuther, M. info:eu-repo/semantics/article article 2016 Physical Review Accelerators and Beams, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 024701 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/2469-9888 eng oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_D54451EA412F 2022-05-07T01:27:50Z <oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"> https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_D54451EA412F Building the niche through time: using 13,000 years of data to predict the effects of climate change on three tree species in Europe info:doi:10.1111/j.1466-8238.2012.00767.x info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1111/j.1466-8238.2012.00767.x Maiorano, L. Cheddadi, R. Zimmermann, N.E. Pellissier, L. Petitpierre, B. Pottier, J. Laborde, H. Hurdu, B.I. Pearman, P.B. Psomas, A. Singarayer, J.S. Broennimann, O. Vittoz, P. Dubuis, A. Edwards, M.E. Binney, H.A. Guisan, A. info:eu-repo/semantics/article article 2013 Global Ecology and Biogeography, vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 302-317 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1466-822X <![CDATA[Aim Species distribution models (SDMs) based on current species ranges underestimate the potential distribution when projected in time and/or space. A multi-temporal model calibration approach has been suggested as an alternative, and we evaluate this using 13,000 years of data. Location Europe. Methods We used fossil-based records of presence for Picea abies, Abies alba and Fagus sylvatica and six climatic variables for the period 13,000 to 1000yr bp. To measure the contribution of each 1000-year time step to the total niche of each species (the niche measured by pooling all the data), we employed a principal components analysis (PCA) calibrated with data over the entire range of possible climates. Then we projected both the total niche and the partial niches from single time frames into the PCA space, and tested if the partial niches were more similar to the total niche than random. Using an ensemble forecasting approach, we calibrated SDMs for each time frame and for the pooled database. We projected each model to current climate and evaluated the results against current pollen data. We also projected all models into the future. Results Niche similarity between the partial and the total-SDMs was almost always statistically significant and increased through time. SDMs calibrated from single time frames gave different results when projected to current climate, providing evidence of a change in the species realized niches through time. Moreover, they predicted limited climate suitability when compared with the total-SDMs. The same results were obtained when projected to future climates. Main conclusions The realized climatic niche of species differed for current and future climates when SDMs were calibrated considering different past climates. Building the niche as an ensemble through time represents a way forward to a better understanding of a species' range and its ecology in a changing climate